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How Multiple Server Hosting impacts your website's uptime

Please consider the following article for your ezine,
ebook or web site. It is free to use as long as you
include the resource box at the end. It contains 792
words. If you use this article, please send a brief
message to let me know where it appeared.
info@irieisle-online.com

Article available for reprint:
godfreyh@irieisle-online.com
====================================================
Hosting of web sites has essentially become a commodity.
There is very little distinguishing one hosting company
from the next. Core plans and features are the same and
price is no longer a true determining feature. In fact,
choosing a host based on the cheapest price can be more
expensive in the long term with respect to reliability
issues and possible loss of sales as a result of website
downtime.

Selecting a host from the thousands of providers and
resellers can be a very daunting task, which may result
in a hit and miss approach. But although hosting may have
become a commodity, one distinguishing feature that you
must always look out for is reliability.

At the heart of any hosting company's reliability is
redundancy. This ensures that if a problem exists at one
point, there will be an alternative which ensures
continuity as seemlessly and transparently as possible.

Most hosts do employ redundant network connections. These
are the high speed pipes that route data from the server
to your web browser. But, redundant 'multiple web servers'
have been extremely rare and very expensive, requiring
costly routing equipment which has previously been used
only in mission critical applications of Fortune 500
companies.

However, a very neat but little known Domain Name
Server(DNS) feature called 'round robin' allows the
selection and provision of a particular IP address from a
'pool' of addresses when a DNS request arrives.

To understand what this has to do with server reliability
it's important to remember that the Domain Name Server
(DNS) database maps a host name to their IP address. So
instead of using a hard to remember series of numbers
(IP address) we just type in your web browser
www.yourdomain.com, to get to your website.

Now, typically it takes at at least 2 to 3 days to
propagate or ‘spread the word’ of your DNS info throughout
the internet. That's why when you register or transfer a
domain name it isn't immediately available to the person
browsing the web.

This delay has stymied the security benefits of hosting
your site on multiple servers, as your site would be down
for a couple of days if something went awry with one
server. You would have to change your DNS to reflect your
second server and


wait days before the change was picked
up in routers on the internet.

However, the round robin DNS strategy solves this
predicament, by mapping your domain name to more than
one IP address.

Select hosting companies now employ the DNS round robin
technique in conjunction with'failover monitoring'.

The DNS round robin failover monitoring process starts
by a web hosting company setting up your site on two or
more independent web servers (preferably with different
IP blocks assigned to them). Your domain name will
therefore have 2 or more IP Addresses assigned to it.

Then the failover monitor watches your web server(s)
by dispatching data to a URL you specify and looking for
particular text in the results. When the system detects
that one of your IP addresses is returning an error,
and the others aren't, it pulls that IP address out of the
list. The DNS then points your domain name to the working
IP address/s

If any of your IP's come back online they are restored
to the IP pool. This effectively and safely keeps your site
online – even if one of your web servers is down.

The average failure detection and recovery time with a
system like this can be as low as 15 minutes. This time
varies depending on the speed of your site and the nature
of the failure and also how long other ISP's cache (save)
your DNS information.

The time taken for other ISP's caching your information
can be manipulated in the failover monitor by lowering the
"time to live" (TTL) cache settings. These are the
settings that other ISP's will use to determine how long
to cache your DNS information.

Of course you must bear in mind the matter of how
frequently data is synchronized between your website's
servers. This will be the hosting company's
responsibility, and this may become complicated where
databases and user sessions are involved.

The very expensive hardware based failover monitoring
systems that point a virtual IP address to other ISP's,
while behind the scenes juggling a number of unique IP
addresses on different servers, is of course the most
'elegant' solution to multi server hosting.

That way, the whole issue of ISP's caching your
information does not come into play.

Therefore, for site's that need to have true 99.99995%
uptime, without huge outlays of money, the technology
is readily available and certain proprietory failure
monitoring systems are now relatively cheap to apply.


About the Author

Godfrey Heron is the Website Manager of the Irieisle
Multiple Domain Hosting Services company.Signup for your
free trial, and host multiple web sites on one account:
http://www.irieisle-online.com

 

Tom's Hardware
: Tom's Hardware Guide is the Internet's premiere resource for hardware news and reviews.
www.tomshardware.com
 
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HardwareCentral is the #1 Hardware Information Resource on the 'Net. Featuring over 600 pages of Hardware information, including advice on System ...
www.hardwarecentral.com
 
Apple - Hardware
Find your favorite Mac, iPod and other Apple accessories.
www.apple.com
 
Ace Hardware
Nationwide (United States) hardware and home improvement retailer. Includes products, dealer locator and corporate information.
www.acehardware.com
 
Computer hardware - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The hardware of a computer is infrequently changed, in comparison with software and ... Personal computers, the computer hardware familiar to most people, ...
en.wikipedia.org
 
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Hardware is the general term that is used to describe physical artifacts of a technology. ... In a looser sense, hardware can be major military equipment, ...
en.wikipedia.org
 
Open Directory - Computers: Hardware
Hardware Central - Computing-centric community providing vital information, support, tools and interaction facilities for power computer users and ...
dmoz.org
 
Microsoft Hardware – Home Page
Learn about Microsoft mice, keyboards, desktop sets, webcams, media center peripherals, gaming products, fingerprint readers and presentation tools.
www.microsoft.com
 
AnandTech: your source for hardware analysis and news
Independent hands-on reviews of computer hardware such as motherboards, graphic cards, and CPUs.
www.anandtech.com
 
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Supplier of new and refurbished networking hardware and approved and compatible network accessories. Located in the United Kingdom.
www.hardware.com
 
Slashdot: News for nerds, stuff that matters
From the article: "Although the news caused barely a ripple of reaction in the audience of software and hardware engineers, there are industry analysts who ...
hardware.slashdot.org
 
InformationWeek HardwareTech Center
Our hardware coverage ranges from mobile computers and PDAs to servers and supercomputers, and the infrastructure issues enterprises deal with every day. ...
www.informationweek.com
 
What is hardware? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer ...
This page describes the term hardware and lists other pages on the Web where you can find additional information.
www.webopedia.com
 
Google Directory - Computers > Hardware
Hardware Central - http://www.hardwarecentral.com/ Computing-centric community providing vital information, support, tools and interaction facilities for ...
www.google.com
 
Gifts: Unique Gifts & Gift Ideas at Restoration Hardware
At Restoration Hardware, you'll explore an exceptional world of high quality unique gifts. Browse our products to find gift ideas & more at Restoration ...
www.restorationhardware.com
 
HwB: The Hardware Book
HwB provides you with circuits, pinouts, cable/adapter descriptions and other technical information.
www.hardwarebook.net
 
Reg Hardware: Product News and Gadget Reviews from The Register
More Gadgets Stuff. 5th December 2006 12:09 GMT. Author: Reg Hardware ... 27th November 2006 15:31 GMT. Author: The Hardware Widow ...
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Here's our tip to hang strands of lights with ease. Jeanenne & Jim Tucker Plantation True Value Hardware Richmond, TX ...
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A complete illustrated Guide to the PC Hardware
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