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Common Questions about Migraine
How do I know whether this is migraine?
This is the most common question most people are unsure about
diagnosis of migraine. Though all migraines are headaches, all
headaches are not migraines. There can be many causes like high
blood...
How To Build A Medical Spa Inside Your Existing Practice
The physicians conundrum: Everywhere, physicians are contemplating or engaged in expanding into the “medical spa” market. Seduced by the media buzz around this hot new phenomenon, many doctors see the medical spa as a means boosting their income and...
Little Weight Loss Goes A Long Way
You have permission to publish this article electronically or in print, free of charge, as long as the bylines are included. A courtesy copy of your publication would be appreciated. Original URL (The Web version of the article) ...
The Source of All Disease
So why is there disease? The very word means that the body is in a state of Diss-Ease. It is certainly not being provided with the optimal conditions that it requires to maintain itself healthily. Unless you provide it with the right conditions,...
Writer/Editor/Public Communicator
Pro Euthanasia Speech delivered to the AMA 2005 Annual Meeting
With the advent of the controversial Terry Shiavo case in the US earlier this year, the issue of euthanasia is once again in the spotlight.
Typically, euthanasia creates a...
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Tetanus
Tetanus is a severe infection of the nervous system caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is commonly found in soil, household dust and animal feces. The bacteria contaminates the body normally through a deep cut or puncture wound, and can also result from injuries such as burns, frostbite and gangrene, where the skin's natural resistance is compromised.
Tetanus cannot be passed by person-to-person contact, only by direct contamination of the blood stream, and it cannot be passed on via the tetanus vaccine.
Symptoms of Tetanus
The presenting symptom is usually the characteristic muscular spasm and rigidity of the jaw and neck (known as trismus or 'lockjaw'). Over a 24-48 hour period following this, muscle rigidity spreads down the body to the limbs, and can decrease the ability to swallow and breathe. Patients can be over-sensitive to light, noise and touch during the early stages of tetanus, and stimulus can cause painful muscular spasms that
cause fractures or dislocations. For this reason, patients are usually treated in dark, quiet areas in order to reduce these risks.
How common is it?
Due to widespread immunisation in childhood, tetanus is now extremely rare in developed countries. In the US, only 130 cases were reported in the period 1998-2000 (Dire 2005); most occurring among unvaccinated or inadequately vaccinated individuals following an acute injury.
How is it treated?
Treatment is by administration of the antitoxin in patients who are not adequately immunised, cleansing of the wound, and medical control of the symptoms. Patients may require invasive medical treatment in intensive care to assist with breathing and nutritional support.
Most patients recover from tetanus and return to their full health over a period of 2-4 months.
About the Author
John Smith is a writer at healthcaredir ( http://www.healthcaredir.com ), a news source for the latest in health and medicine.
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